Data Types¶
The modules described in this chapter provide a variety of specialized data types such as dates and times, fixed-type arrays, heap queues, double-ended queues, and enumerations.
Python also provides some built-in data types, in particular,
dict, list, set and frozenset, and
tuple. The str class is used to hold
Unicode strings, and the bytes and bytearray classes are used
to hold binary data.
The following modules are documented in this chapter:
datetime— Basic date and time types- Aware and Naive Objects
- Constants
- Available Types
timedeltaObjectsdateObjectsdatedate.today()date.fromtimestamp()date.fromordinal()date.fromisoformat()date.fromisocalendar()date.mindate.maxdate.resolutiondate.yeardate.monthdate.daydate.replace()date.timetuple()date.toordinal()date.weekday()date.isoweekday()date.isocalendar()date.isoformat()date.__str__()date.ctime()date.strftime()date.__format__()
- Examples of Usage:
date
datetimeObjectsdatetimedatetime.today()datetime.now()datetime.utcnow()datetime.fromtimestamp()datetime.utcfromtimestamp()datetime.fromordinal()datetime.combine()datetime.fromisoformat()datetime.fromisocalendar()datetime.strptime()datetime.mindatetime.maxdatetime.resolutiondatetime.yeardatetime.monthdatetime.daydatetime.hourdatetime.minutedatetime.seconddatetime.microseconddatetime.tzinfodatetime.folddatetime.date()datetime.time()datetime.timetz()datetime.replace()datetime.astimezone()datetime.utcoffset()datetime.dst()datetime.tzname()datetime.timetuple()datetime.utctimetuple()datetime.toordinal()datetime.timestamp()datetime.weekday()datetime.isoweekday()datetime.isocalendar()datetime.isoformat()datetime.__str__()datetime.ctime()datetime.strftime()datetime.__format__()
- Examples of Usage:
datetime
timeObjectstzinfoObjectstimezoneObjectsstrftime()andstrptime()Behavior
zoneinfo— IANA time zone supportcalendar— General calendar-related functionsCalendarCalendar.iterweekdays()Calendar.itermonthdates()Calendar.itermonthdays()Calendar.itermonthdays2()Calendar.itermonthdays3()Calendar.itermonthdays4()Calendar.monthdatescalendar()Calendar.monthdays2calendar()Calendar.monthdayscalendar()Calendar.yeardatescalendar()Calendar.yeardays2calendar()Calendar.yeardayscalendar()
TextCalendarHTMLCalendarLocaleTextCalendarLocaleHTMLCalendarsetfirstweekday()firstweekday()isleap()leapdays()weekday()weekheader()monthrange()monthcalendar()prmonth()month()prcal()calendar()timegm()day_nameday_abbrmonth_namemonth_abbrMONDAYTUESDAYWEDNESDAYTHURSDAYFRIDAYSATURDAYSUNDAY
collections— Container datatypescollections.abc— Abstract Base Classes for Containersheapq— Heap queue algorithmbisect— Array bisection algorithmarray— Efficient arrays of numeric valuestypecodesarrayarray.typecodearray.itemsizearray.append()array.buffer_info()array.byteswap()array.count()array.extend()array.frombytes()array.fromfile()array.fromlist()array.fromunicode()array.index()array.insert()array.pop()array.remove()array.reverse()array.tobytes()array.tofile()array.tolist()array.tounicode()
weakref— Weak referencestypes— Dynamic type creation and names for built-in types- Dynamic Type Creation
- Standard Interpreter Types
NoneTypeFunctionTypeLambdaTypeGeneratorTypeCoroutineTypeAsyncGeneratorTypeCodeTypeCellTypeMethodTypeBuiltinFunctionTypeBuiltinMethodTypeWrapperDescriptorTypeMethodWrapperTypeNotImplementedTypeMethodDescriptorTypeClassMethodDescriptorTypeModuleTypeEllipsisTypeGenericAliasUnionTypeTracebackTypeFrameTypeGetSetDescriptorTypeMemberDescriptorTypeMappingProxyType
- Additional Utility Classes and Functions
- Coroutine Utility Functions
copy— Shallow and deep copy operationspprint— Data pretty printerreprlib— Alternaterepr()implementationenum— Support for enumerationsgraphlib— Functionality to operate with graph-like structures